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Lincocin Injectable 100mg 20ml
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Item Number: RX-LI10020-PS
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Pharmacia & Upjohn
brand of lincomycin hydrochloride tablets
brand of lincomycin hydrochloride injection, USP
For Use in Animals Only
For intramuscular, intravenous, and oral use in dogs and cats.
DESCRIPTION:
LINCOCIN products contain lincomycin hydrochloride, an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis,
which is chemically distinct from all other clinically available
antibiotics and is isolated as a white crystalline solid. It is stable
in the dry state and in aqueous solution for at least 24 months.
Lincomycin hydrochloride is readily soluble in water at room
temperature in concentrations up to 500 mg/mL. Physical stability of
aqueous solutions can be maintained at drug concentrations up to 345
mg/mL at temperatures as low as 4°C. The solubility in 95 percent
ethanol is 80 mg/mL.
LINCOCIN products have been shown to be
effective against most of the common gram-positive pathogens. Depending
on the sensitivity of the organism and concentration of the antibiotic,
it may be either bactericidal or bacteriostatic. It has not shown cross
resistance with other available antibiotics. Microorganisms have not
developed resistance to LINCOCIN rapidly when tested by in vitro or in vivo methods.
ACTIONS:
Animal Toxicology?The
acute LD50 intraperitoneally in mice is 1000 mg/kg and orally in rats
is 15,645 mg/kg. LINCOCIN was well tolerated orally in rats and dogs at
doses up to 300 mg/kg/day for periods up to one year. Parenteral
dosages of up to 60 mg/kg/day for 30 days subcutaneously in the rat and
intramuscularly in the dog produced no significant systemic effects or
pathological findings at necropsy.
LINCOCIN at a daily dose level of
75 mg/kg subcutaneously was injected into mature male and female rats
during a pre-breeding period of 60 days and throughout two mating
cycles (84 days). No evidence was obtained that LINCOCIN exerted any
effects on breeding performance and no drug-induced anomalies were
discovered in the young. Similarly no evidence was obtained that
LINCOCIN, when given in sustained parenteral dosage of 50 mg/kg daily
to pregnant bitches, produced a teratogenic effect on the canine embryo.
The
subcutaneous LD50 value in the newborn rat was determined to be 783
mg/kg. Newborn rats and canine pups have tolerated multiple doses of
30-90 mg/kg/day of the drug without evidence of ill effects.
Biological Studies?In vitro studies indicate that the spectrum of activity includes Staphylococcus
aureus, Staphylococcus albus, ß-hemolytic Streptococcus, Streptococcus
viridans, Clostridium tetani, Erysipelothrix insidiosa, Mycoplasma spp., and Clostridium perfringens. The drug is not active against gram-negative organisms or yeasts.
In vivo experimental animal studies demonstrated the effectiveness of LINCOCIN in protecting animals infected with Streptococcus viridans, ß-hemolytic Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Erysipelothrix insidiosa, Mycoplasma spp., and Leptospira pomona. It was ineffective in Klebsiella, Pasteurella, Pseudomonas, and Salmonella infections.
Cross
resistance has not been demonstrated with penicillin, erythromycin,
triacetyloleandomycin, chloramphenicol, novobiocin, streptomycin, or
the tetracyclines. Staphylococci develop resistance to LINCOCIN in a
slow, stepwise manner based on in vitro, serial subculture experiments. This pattern of resistance development is unlike that shown for streptomycin.
Clinical Absorption and Excretion?Administered
intramuscularly, LINCOCIN Sterile Solution is very rapidly absorbed. In
studies with dogs, peak serum levels were reached in from ten minutes
to two hours with detectable levels for 16 to 24 hours. The
concentration of LINCOCIN in the blood serum varies with the dose
administered and with the individual animal. Levels are maintained
above the in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration for most
gram-positive organisms for six to eight hours following a therapeutic
dose. Intravenous administration also provides very rapid absorption,
but should be administered with normal saline or 5% glucose as an
intravenous drip infusion.
Administered orally to dogs, LINCOCIN was
also rapidly absorbed with serum levels present within one-half hour;
peak values were reached at two to four hours; and detectable levels
persisted for 16 to 24 hours.
Tissue level studies indicate that
bile is an important route of excretion. Significant levels of LINCOCIN
have been demonstrated in the majority of body tissues. After a single
oral administration of LINCOCIN to a dog, fecal excretion amounted to
77 percent of the dose; urinary excretion to 14 percent. After a single
intramuscular injection, fecal excretion equaled 38 percent of the
dose; and urinary excretion, 49 percent. Urinary excretion was
essentially complete in less than 24 hours and fecal excretion by 48
hours after either route of administration. LINCOCIN has also been
shown to be excreted in the milk of lactating cows, goats, rats, and
women.
INDICATIONS:
LINCOCIN products are indicated in
infections caused by gram-positive organisms which are sensitive to its
action, particularly streptococci and staphylococci. The drug has
proven effective in eradicating causative organisms in most of the
common upper respiratory tract infections, in septicemia, and in
infections of the skin and adjoining tissues.
Systemic therapy with
LINCOCIN has been shown to be of benefit in many animals with pustular
dermatitis. As with all antibiotics, in vitro sensitivity studies should be performed before LINCOCIN is utilized as sole antibiotic therapy.
LINCOCIN
has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of
staphylococcal infections resistant to other antibiotics and sensitive
to lincomycin. The drug may be administered in combination therapy with
other antimicrobial agents when indicated.
No serious
hypersensitivity reactions have been reported and many animals have
received LINCOCIN repeatedly without developing evidence of
hypersensitivity.
In dogs, LINCOCIN has demonstrated
excellent efficacy in the treatment of upper respiratory infections and
of skin diseases, particularly those caused by staphylococcus and
streptococcus organisms. LINCOCIN has demonstrated efficacy even in
some chronic conditions of long standing and in infections which have
resisted treatment with other antibacterial agents.
Infections
successfully treated with LINCOCIN include pustular dermatitis,
abscesses, infected wounds (including bite and fight wounds),
tonsillitis, laryngitis, metritis, and secondary bacterial infections
associated with the canine distemper-hepatitis complex.
In cats,
LINCOCIN has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of localized
infections, such as abscesses following fight wounds, pneumonitis, and
feline rhinotracheitis.
Success in the treatment of viral diseases
must be attributed to the control of susceptible secondary bacterial
invaders rather than to any effect of LINCOCIN on the virus.
CONTRAINDICATIONS:
As with all drugs, the use of LINCOCIN products is contraindicated in animals previously found to be hypersensitive to the drug.
LINCOCIN should not be given to animals with known preexisting monilial infections.
The
following species are sensitive to the gastrointestinal effects of
lincomycin: rabbits, hamsters, guinea pigs and horses. Therefore, the
administration of LINCOCIN should be avoided in these species.
WARNING: Not for human use.
PRECAUTIONS:
The
use of antibiotics occasionally results in overgrowth of nonsusceptible
organisms ? particularly yeasts. Should superinfections occur,
appropriate measures should be taken.
ADVERSE REACTIONS:
Loose
stools occasionally have been observed in dogs and cats on oral doses.
Vomiting in cats has occasionally been reported following oral
administration.
Intramuscularly and intravenously, LINCOCIN products
have demonstrated excellent local tolerance with no reports of pain or
inflammation following injection.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION:
Oral: 10 mg per pound of body weight every 12 hours or 7 mg per pound every 8 hours.
Intramuscular: 10 mg per pound of body weight once a day or 5 mg per pound every 12 hours.
Intravenous:
5 to 10 mg per pound of body weight one or two times per day diluted
with 5 percent glucose in water or normal saline and given as a drip
infusion.
Treatment with LINCOCIN products may be continued for periods as long as 12 days if clinical judgment indicates.
As
with any multi-dose vial, practice aseptic techniques in withdrawing
each dose. Adequately clean and disinfect the vial closure prior to
entry with a sterile needle and syringe.
HOW SUPPLIED:
LINCOCIN products for veterinary use are available in the following dosage forms and strengths:
tablets
100 mg:
Each scored tablet contains lincomycin hydrochloride equivalent to
lincomycin, 100 mg; supplied in bottles of 500; NDC 0009-0595-05.
200 mg:
Each scored tablet contains lincomycin hydrochloride equivalent to
lincomycin, 200 mg; supplied in bottles of 250; NDC 0009-0596-02.
500 mg:
Each scored tablet contains lincomycin hydrochloride equivalent to
lincomycin, 500 mg; supplied in bottles of 100; NDC 0009-0475-01.
AQUADROPS?:
Each
mL containing lincomycin hydrochloride equivalent to lincomycin, 50 mg;
preserved with methylparaben 0.075%, propylparaben 0.025%%, and sorbic
acid 0.1%. Supplied in 20 mL bottles with graduated dropper; NDC
0009-0570-01.
NADA#40-587, Approved by FDA.
Sterile Solution:
Each
mL containing lincomycin hydrochloride equivalent to lincomycin, 100
mg; also Benzyl Alcohol, 9.45 mg added as preservative. Supplied in 20
mL vials.
NADA #34-025. Approved by FDA.
Store at controlled room temperature 20° to 25° C (68° to 77° F) [see USP].
Caution:
Federal (USA) law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.
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